At the end of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations in migration from Central Europe invaded the Iberian peninsula and established themselves in relatively independent realms in its western provinces, including the Sueves, Alans and Vandals. Iberian cultures along with ancient Phoenician, Greek and Carthaginian settlements developed on the peninsula until it came under Roman rule around 200 BCE, after which the region was named Hispania, based on the earlier Phoenician name Sp(a)n or Spania. Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula around 35,000 years ago. Spain's capital and largest city is Madrid other major urban areas include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Bilbao and Málaga. By population, Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. With an area of 505,990 km 2 (195,360 sq mi), Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe, the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union, and the fourth largest country in the European continent. It is the only European country to have a border with an African country ( Morocco) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5% of its population, mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla. The country's mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. Spain (Spanish: España ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a country mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe, with there also being two large archipelagoes, the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the African Atlantic coast, two cities, Ceuta and Melilla, on the African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the African coast. Note: Spain observes CET/CEST, except the Canary Islands which observe WET/WEST
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